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1207
| 1207 • Terra Mariana, comprising present-day Estonia and Latvia, is established as a principality of the Holy Roman Empire. |
1285
Age: 78y
| 1285 • Mamluk sultan Qalawun begins a siege of the Crusader fortress of Margat (in modern-day Syria), a major stronghold of the Knights Hospitaller thought to be impregnable; he captures the fortress a month later. |